Antecedent of Foreign Direct Investment in Developing Countries: Evidence from Pakistan

The proposed present research study estimates the role of foreign direct investment in developing economies. This research study also determines the factors affecting foreign direct investment in developing countries. For this key purpose, we have collected time-series data from the official website of world development indicators, Pak economic survey & the state bank of Pakistan since 1981 to 2019. The autoregressive distributive lag model has been applied to evaluate the association among the variables. Afterward, the bond test has also been utilized to estimate the long-run relationships between dependent and predicted variables. The results indicate that there is a significant relationship between gross domestic product growth and the trade deficit with foreign direct investment. Moreover, there has neither a positive nor negative association of the real rate of interest and tax rate with foreign direct investment. The current research study concludes that foreign direct investment inflows are significantly promoting developing economies

Stability and bifurcation of a delayed diffusive predator-prey model affected by toxins

In this work, a diffusive predator-prey model with the effects of toxins and delay is considered. Initially, we investigated the presence of solutions and the stability of the system. Then, we examined the local stability of the equilibria and Hopf bifurcation generated by delay, as well as the global stability of the equilibria using a Lyapunov function. In addition, we extract additional results regarding the presence and nonexistence of non-constant steady states in this model by taking into account the influence of diffusion. We show several numerical simulations to validate our theoretical findings

Generalized Synchronization between Two Complex Dynamical Networks with Time-Varying Delay and Nonlinear Coupling

The generalized synchronization between two complex networks with nonlinear coupling and time-varying delay is investigated in this paper. The novel adaptive schemes of constructing controller response network are proposed to realize generalized synchronization with the drive network to a given mapping. Two specific examples show and verify the effectiveness of the proposed method

Synchronization in a Class of Complex Dynamical Networks with Nonlinear Coupling

Abstract: This paper deals with a synchronization problem for a class of complex delayed dynamical networks with nonlinear coupling, including known and uncertain networks. Based on the Lyapunov stability theory, we propose controllers for both known and uncertain networks to realize synchronization. Numerical example is also given to illustrate the effectiveness of the proposed synchronization criteria

The Effect of Control Strength on Lag Synchronization of Nonlinear Coupled Complex Networks

This paper mainly investigates the lag synchronization of nonlinear coupled complex networks using methods that are based on pinning control, where the weight configuration matrix is not necessarily symmetric or irreducible. We change the control strength into a parameter concerning time t, by using the Lyapunov direct method, some sufficient conditions of lag synchronization are obtained. To validate the proposed method, numerical simulation examples are provided to verify the correctness and effectiveness of the proposed scheme

Study on the Credit Evolution Game of Companies and Banks

Abstract-Eration between the socialist market economy is about to become one of the important trend. This paper discusses the theory of evolution, under the condition of the method of game theory, research of the bank and enterprise of cooperative behavior evolution law and set up normally bank and evolutionary game model of enterprise and enterprise can't pay the mortgage under the circumstance of asymmetric game model, study the equilibrium respectively, clear cooperation balanced decision factors, namely cooperation initial cost of the need to pay, cooperation by their income and against the contract price and to assume responsibility, won and reality fitting evolution stable strategy, bank and enterprise both sides also provides some reference reference. Based on this, puts forward how to make sure the enterprise of effective measures to pay the mortgage, to bank and enterprise puts forward the good faith cooperation is the best way to achieve a win-win both sides

Cluster Synchronization of Time-Varying Delays Coupled Complex Networks with Nonidentical Dynamical Nodes

This paper investigates a new cluster synchronization scheme in the nonlinear coupled complex dynamical networks with nonidentical nodes. The controllers are designed based on the community structure of the networks; some sufficient criteria are derived to ensure cluster synchronization of the network model. Particularly, the weight configuration matrix is not assumed to be symmetric, irreducible. The numerical simulations are performed to verify the effectiveness of the theoretical results

Non-Gaussian Hybrid Transfer Functions: Memorizing Mine Survivability Calculations

Hybrid algorithms and models have received significant interest in recent years and are increasingly used to solve real-world problems. Different from existing methods in radial basis transfer function construction, this study proposes a novel nonlinear-weight hybrid algorithm involving the non-Gaussian type radial basis transfer functions. The speed and simplicity of the non-Gaussian type with the accuracy and simplicity of radial basis function are used to produce fast and accurate on-the-fly model for survivability of emergency mine rescue operations, that is, the survivability under all conditions is precalculated and used to train the neural network. The proposed hybrid uses genetic algorithm as a learning method which performs parameter optimization within an integrated analytic framework, to improve network efficiency. Finally, the network parameters including mean iteration, standard variation, standard deviation, convergent time, and optimized error are evaluated using the mean squared error. The results demonstrate that the hybrid model is able to reduce the computation complexity, increase the robustness and optimize its parameters. This novel hybrid model shows outstanding performance and is competitive over other existing models